Antimicrobial potentials and phytochemical analysis of desert cotton [A. Javanica] and flax [L. Ustitatissimum]

The present study reveals antimicrobial potentials and phytochemical analysis of A. javanica and L. ustitatissimum. Phytochemical analysis indicated that the tested plants contained a substantial amount of flavonoids, terpenoids and steroids while saponins and tannins were absent in L. ustitatissimum, however, tannins were present in A. javanica. L. ustitatissimum contained maximum total phenolic content of 166.36mg/g in methylated spirit fraction while its ethyl acetate fraction contained highest quantity of flavonoids 27.6mg/g in case of Aerva javanica. Antimicrobial potentials of the subject plants revealed that L. ustitatissimum had maximum antibacterial activity [MIC=4.33microg/ml] while A. javanica was most effective against fungal strains [MIC=2.66 microg/ml]

Hirschsprung's disease; enterocolitis during the course

To determine the frequency of Hirschsprung's Disease associated enterocolitis in pre and post operative patients. Nishtar Hospital and Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Multan from January 2008 to June 2012. A total number of 114 patients aged from less than 6 months to more than 5 years were diagnosed and treated for Hirschsprung's Disease after rectal biopsy and internal sphinterotomy. In total of 114 patients 32 [28%] developed enterocolitis before and 5 [18.5%] after definite surgery. The results of this study implicates that the early diagnosis and to make measures to decrease the post pull-through anastomostic anorectal stenosis can reduce the frequency of pre and post operative Hirschsprung's disease associated enterocolitis

Anal fissure; Surgical management

To know the outcome of treatment of chronic anal fissure. Nishtar Hospital, Multan. January 2011 to June 2011. A total of 100 patients attending surgical OPD were included in the study. Out of 100 patients, 73 [73%] were male and 27 [27%] were female patients. Majority of the patients were from the age group 31-40 years. At posterior midline fissure in ano was present in 91 [91%] patients and at the anterior midline it was in 9 [9%]. Pain defecation was seen in all patients, constipation in 95 [95%] patients whereas bleeding from rectum in 72 [72%] patients. It is concluded that in patients with chronic anal fissure, chemical sphincterotomy with topical nifedipine ointment is a non-invasive and effective modality.

Diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of solitary thyroid nodule

To evaluate usefulness of the FNAC in diagnosing solitary thyroid nodule. Interventional study. This study was carried out in the Department of General Surgery, Nishtar Medical College, Multan from January 2010 to July 2010. A total of 100 patients were included in the study. Majority of the patients i.e. 40 [66.7%] patients were between the 21-40 years. Of the 60 patients, 10 [16.7%] patients were male while 50 [83.3%] patients were female. Thirty five [58.3%] patients belonged to district Multan while 10 [16.7%] patients were residents of district Muzaffargarh. Mild pain was noted in 6 [10%] patients 3 [5%] patients had change in voice and 3 [5%] patients had palpitation. Thirty patients [50%] presented within one year of the start of their disease. Right lobe of the thyroid gland harboured swelling in 45 patients [75%]. Only 3 patients [5%] were diagnosed as papillary carcinoma. Cold thyroid nodule is a common problem and has gained much significance due to its potential for malignancy

Management of penetrating injuries of colon

Types of operative measures adopted and prognosis of patients with perforating injuries to colon. Descriptive Study. This study was carried out in the Surgical Unit-I, Nishtar Medical College, Multan during the period from July 2011 to December 2011. All 60 patients were admitted in emergency ward with trauma to abdomen, and routine investigations were carried out. Majority of the patients i.e. 51 [85%] were injured by gunshot. Fifty five [90%] patients were male. For more extensive contamination colostomy gave complication rate 20% in grade 2 and 25% in grade-3. Patients who were anastomosed, 15% developed leakage. Out of 60 patients, 15 [25%] patients had injury at right colon, 16 [28%] had at transverse colon, 28 [46%] patients at left colon and remaining 11 [18%] patients had injury at sigmoid colon. Out of 60 patients, l0 [16%] patients were found in injury grade-1, 44 [74%] patients in grade-2 and 6 [10%] patients in injury grade-3 were involved. Majority of the patients i.e.44 [74%] had more complications. There was no difference between these two groups with respect to grade of colon injury according to the colon injury severity scale or location of injury. It was observed from data that selective primary repair may be used in a significant proportion of colon wounds. It was based on classification system that employs an assessment of the extent of tissue injury, degree of fecal contamination, assessment of associated injuries; estimates of the influences of delay between injury and definitive therapy and hemorrhagic shock

Surgical management of carcinoma of caecum

To study the various aspects of caecal carcinoma as age, sex, clinical presentation and diagnosis. This retrospective study was conducted in Surgical Units of Nishtar Hospital, Multan during the period from January 1997 to December 2000. A total of 60 patients were included in the study. There were 45 cases of males and only 15 cases of females. Male to female ratio was 4:1. The age range was 30-80 years. Most of the patients were between the ages 45-65 years. The youngest patient was 30 years old and the oldest patient was 80 years old. Both were males. The average age was 55 years. Mass in RIF was found in 42 patients, acute appendicitis was seen in 6 patients and intestinal obstruction was present in 12 cases. Right hemicolectomy with primary ileo-transverse anastomosis was done in 42 cases. Surgery is the mainstay in the treatment of carcinoma of caecum. Thus right hemicolectomy with primary ileo-transverse anastomosis is a safe procedure in fit patients even in emergency

Surgical Management of Blunt Abdominal Trauma

To evaluate and compare the usefulness and limitations of diagnostic peritoneal lavage and ultrasonography in patients with blunt abdominal trauma. The study was conducted Nishtar Hospital, Multan on 100 cases presented with BAT having equivocal abdominal findings during one year i.e. March 2005 to February 2006. It was a prospective comparative study. Main age group involved in accidents and BAT was between 40 to 60 years Male to female ration was 5:1 Liver was main organ injured in most cases of BAT. It was observed that DPL was 100% sensitive and 91.3% specific while USG of abdomen was 88.9% sensitive and 100% specific. DPL. is more sensitive while abdominal USG is more specific. Both are complementary to each other

Duration between perforation and operation affecting the prognosis duodenal ulcer perforation

To describe the effect of perforation-operation interval on the prognosis of perforated duodenal ulcer. This descriptive study was conducted in surgical units of Nishtar Hospital, Multan during the period of two year from January 2004 to December 2005. There were 100 patients in study. All patients were divided into three groups according to perforation operation interval. In 58% of patients surgery was performed after 24 hours. Overall mortality of 16% in 50 patients was observed who underwent surgery. Mortality occurred only in group-B and C. Increased interval between perforation and operation increases stay in hospital. Number of complications in patients presenting with delay were much more than in patients presenting early. Morbidity rises with delay. Patients with perforated duodenal ulcers should he operated on as soon as possible. Simple closure of perforation is simple and safe with relativity low mortality and short stay in hospital